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AlzRisk Paper Detail
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Reference: Kivipelto, 2002
Cohort: North Karelia Project/FINMONICA/Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia
Risk Factor: Blood Pressure


Average Follow-up Time Detail
Baseline examinations occurred in 1972, 1977, 1982, or 1987. The current study focused on participants still alive in 1997 and 65-79 years of age at that time. Follow-up examinations were completed in 1998. As such, 35% were followed for 26 years, 38% were followed for 21 years, 16% were followed for 16 years and 11% were followed for 11 years.

Exposure Detail
"Blood pressure was measured from the right arm after the participants had been seated for 5 minutes. For most of the current study sample, only a single blood pressure measurement had been recorded in the initial survey. (In the 1972 survey, blood pressure was recorded once; for 186 of 531 participants in the 1977 survey and for all participants in the subsequent surveys, blood pressure was recorded twice.)"

Ethnicity Detail
According to other descriptions of the cohort, participants were sampled from the populations of Kuopio and Joensuu in eastern Finland. No information on the ethnic background of participants has been provided.

Screening and Diagnosis Detail
Screening Method:
MMSEMini-Mental State Examination (Folstein 1975)

AD Diagnosis:
NINCDS ADRDA National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke/Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association Criteria (McKhann 1984)

Total dementia definition: AD plus VaD, where VaD was diagnosed according to DSM-IV

Covariates & Analysis Detail
Analysis Type:
Logistic regression

The authors also explored interactions among APOE4 genotype, high total cholesterol and high blood pressure at midlife in relation to AD.

AD Covariates:
Aage
Eeducation
Ggender
ALCalcohol intake
APOE4APOE e4 genotype
SMsmoking status

TD Covariates:
Aage
Eeducation
Ggender
ALCalcohol intake
APOE4APOE e4 genotype
SMsmoking status